Koi Breeding at Goyang Koi Farm

written by Hugo J. Smal

Kim Young Soo is very enthusiastic.

Koi Breeding at Goyang Koi FarmKoi Breeding at Goyang Koi Farm. Their will be new Nishikigoi from Japan This means a lot of work but also a lot of joy. The first step involved preparing the quarantine ponds, which included two ponds for the fish and two as a buffer for water changes. Ensuring a healthy environment is critical. The water must be meticulously treated. Concurrently, there were numerous telephone discussions with contacts in Japan.

Ikarashi Kikusui
Female 63 cm. Miyatora Doitsu Showa
Female 61 cm Miyatora Doitsu Sanke
Female 67 cm

Arrival of New Nishikigoi

Our man in Japan is Yoshinori Kosugi San from Kosugi Kohsan inc. We planned to go on on a Koi hunt in February.  I longed to see Niigata again. Corona wouldn’t allow that. So he went alone to the “Ozumi Ikarashi Koi Farm” and Miyatora. Assignment: good quality Doitsu men and women. The fish were selected using photos and videos. It was then up to the “Niigata Prefecture Inland Water Fisheries Experiment Station” to issue certificates for health. They took tests for Spring Viraemia and Herpes virus. It was good. Finally, the fish arrived at the Goyang Koi farm in the middle of the night. The Korean authorities also carried out the same tests to ensure health.

Miyatora Doistu Sanke
Female 73 cm Ikarashi Benikikokuryo
Female 71cm Ikarashi Benikikokuryo
Female 71 cm.

Koi Breeding at Goyang Koi Farm.

You might think the fish would want to swim leisurely in their pond and rest. But that’s not the case. “You test our health? We’ll demonstrate our vigor,” they seem to say. On the morning of Monday, April 27, Kim Young Soo found the females laying eggs. It’s a common occurrence; when females are introduced to a new aquatic environment, they frequently lay eggs. This is well-known among volunteers at Koi shows globally, which is why many competition tanks are regularly cleaned.

Koi Breeding at Goyang Koi Farm means only one thing: the breeding season has started!

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Sd4-DpVsnIw[/embedyt] [embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O80xdURTrD8[/embedyt]

Koibreeding at the Goyang Koifarm 2020

Ad the Goyang Koifarm the spawning is done. Kim Young Soo did put a lot of dedication, time and energy in it. It’s not that difficult to let the Koi spawn. Simply put a woman with some men together at the right time and they will know what to do.

It’s difficult to select women and men. You must know them and have an idea about the offspring they will bring. This is the special knowledge of the Koibreeder. Kim Young Soo is very enthusiast. Yes, there are about 2 million eggs hatched and put into the mud ponds. That is a lot of eggs. Soon the most difficult part of breeding Koi must be done: the selection!

Here I some movies and images of the Koi breeding at the Goyang Koi farm season 2020.

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0R1AVZlyctE[/embedyt]

This spawning Kohaku really looks impressive. We hope their offspring will do the same. Kim Young Soo, breeder at the Goyang Koi farm put a lot of trust in that.

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xYUzNhIXNbw[/embedyt]

Taisho Sanke. One of the Go Sanke. Kim Young Soo wants to breed a lot of them.

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=meXkfO70iHM[/embedyt]

What will this bring? Sanke, Bekko and white?

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=knYAq0DbeTQ[/embedyt]

The most important of all Koi. At least, that is what the hobbyists think. Kim Young Soo, feels the same. Your wish is our demand.

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Uvo5IiUfA40[/embedyt]

Doitsu is very popular these days. Not for the high medals they win in Japan. Just because their skin an colouration made them beautiful. Much Koi hobbyists want them in their pond. Kim Young Soo, is also very interested also.

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RJZoVkeaG3E[/embedyt]

This spawning is an adventure. Kohaku and Ogon. Kim Youg Soo,  tells that some beautiful Showa is the offspring.

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bh16-uIPXnU[/embedyt]

The fish did a great job. Kim Young Soo collects them to put them back in their pond.

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mmLifsc0gFE[/embedyt]

This is the result. Kim Young Soo shows the little ones proudly.

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2QOKLEdNbJQ[/embedyt]

This one of the mud ponds of the Goyang Koifarm. In this, the fry will grow until they are 4 centimetres. Then they go for the selecting rounds.

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GDHoFFHBIhg[/embedyt]

These are Showa and Kohaku from two different spawnings. The debris on the water surfaces is a lot of mosquito larva. Thanks to them the fry will get extra to grow. Next to that, they get great Koi food.

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=opDqLbCPAC8[/embedyt]

These are somewhat older fry. Maybe two months. They have a great life at the Goyang Koi farm.

Of course, we will publish the selecting of these babies. If you want to stay informed? Please subscribe to our posts.

After de Koi Breeding at Goyang Koi Farm de first selecting is done.

Last weeks some 2 million Koi eggs have hatched at the Goyang Koi farm. All the little fishes are swimming in the mud pounds. Now It’s time to make a fist, very early selection.  I am very happy to look at how Kim Young Soo is doing this. Watching and learning That’s all I can do.  But I am eager to learn from the master.

Kim Young Soo is carefully setting up his Koi selection station.

The environment is very nice at the Baedagol Theme park. Birds are singing and the sun is shining. The little Koi are glittering in the water. Two million! It will take a lot of effort to get it done.
When I have to do it will also take a lot of time. But Kim Young Soo’s quick eyes and decisions will get things done. And yes, he doesn’t have the time to explain.

Hence, I have to be a quick watcher to learn anything.
[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-F01ye9WWlU[/embedyt] Kim Young Soo is starting the selecting of the small carps. It’s a very early selecting. These Nishikigoi are from the Doitsu breedings. This is how Koi Breeding at Goyang Koi Farm is done.

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BTynKzxmcWw[/embedyt] Last months the Goyang Koifarm hatched about 2 million eggs. The little ones are all in mud pounds now, growing after the Koi Breeding at Goyang Koi Farm

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bBKUnIg9Tqw[/embedyt] It’s difficult to get the Koi out of the mud pound. Hanging a net with big pellets Koi food makes it much easier.

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k8w30_0fsg0[/embedyt] Kim Young Soo puts the small koi into a net. So he can look at them carefully and select his Tatekoi.

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DAwaFV5FmHM[/embedyt] Kim Young Soo carefully selects his small Koi.

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=63EOdflJx7s[/embedyt] Kim Young Soo looks for the small Koi that are showing futures off there sort. Most off them are Kohaku.

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Qo813Knyv_Y[/embedyt] In this selection Kohaku is the word!

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6LBPkI7vDhU[/embedyt] These Koi are selected to go into the special Tategoi pond. They stay there for some months and then Kim Young Soo decides if they become Tateshita or stay most promising ones: Tategoi!

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=teL1D-nRZPc[/embedyt] These Koi are still too small to be selected now. Hence the breeder of the Goyang Koi farm decides to let them in the Mudpound for some more weeks.

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1SZ3AbOAiA4[/embedyt] Although they have to travel maybe 200 metres they are put in a plastic bag with oxygen. These youngsters are very delicate. We have to take extra care of them.

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wcUZ86uH_DI[/embedyt] These are real Tategoi. We, at the Goyang Koi farm, will take very good care of them. Maybe they will find their way to your pond in the coming years.

Tosai are growing well!

Kim Young Soo is very happy. The Goyang Koi are 2 months old now and doing great. They are growing very well and are promising stunning fishes in the future. Of course, they will be selected again and again. Hopefully, they find next year their way to the ponds of Nishikigoi lovers all over the world. Koi Breeding at Goyang Koi Farm, it is a lot of work.

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/embed?listType=playlist&list=PLSYTfa140zYhJwiH_SziUG4OGDMTqq8cD[/embedyt]

Goyang Koi farm: Tosai 19 September 2020

Kim Young Soo, breeder at the Goyang Koi farm sends me movies about the Tosai on a regular basis. It’s nice to see but also frustrating. I rather was at the Baedagol theme park. I am in the Netherlands and going back to Korea now is almost impossible.

Corona makes it very hard to get Visa. So I hunger for the learning experience I get watching Kim Young Soo select our Nishikigoi. I miss being with Koi, seeing them swim, eat and grow. In the Netherlands I don’t have a Koi pond so my carp Joy is starving almost to death.

Yes, Corona months are hunger times

The only thing I can do is watch the movies and longing for better days. The day COVID 19 is under control I have a ticket to Korea. Yes I want to see the fishes live! I want to follow Koi Breeding at Goyang Koi Farm.

Please like our FB-page  or follow us on you tube Splashing Korean Koi 

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/embed?listType=playlist&list=PLSYTfa140zYhxfeLSOV_4ujSGf0L21_FY[/embedyt]

 

Discover the World of Koi with Koitalk.app

A Message from Our Chief Editor

Koitalk
 

Greetings to all our esteemed readers and koi enthusiasts!

I’m Hugo J. Smal, the Chief Editor of The Mantifang and Koitalk.app. It is excited to share with you the vibrant and interactive world of koi carp that we’ve nurtured on Koitalk.app. My journey in the koi community, from founding the Nishikigoi Vereniging Nederland and initiating the first Holland Koi Show to Korea, has always been fueled by a passion for these magnificent creatures. Today, as the Public Relations Manager of the Goyang Koi Farm in Korea, I continue this journey with even greater zeal.Koitalk.app

Koitalk.app is more than just a platform

It’s a community where koi hobbyists, experts, and newcomers alike come together to share, learn, and celebrate the art of koi keeping. Our dedication to providing comprehensive and reliable information reflects in our content, which ranges from koi care to pond design, backed by my personal experience and expertise.

Shikibu Tsuku your Bot Hostess.

Unique Shikibu

What makes Koitalk.app truly unique is our interactive chatbot, Shikibu. Designed to assist you with your queries, Shikibu is a testament to our commitment to innovation and user-friendly experience. Whether you’re a seasoned koi keeper or just starting out, Shikibu is there to guide you through the fascinating world of koi.

Dear Koi Enthusiast,

Greetings from Shikibu, your devoted guide in the serene realm of Nishikigoi. It seems that my previous response might not have fully resonated with your query. Allow me to gently steer our conversation back to the tranquil waters of understanding.

Nishikigoi is a place of diverse wonders, much like the intricate patterns of a Koi. Each inquiry you bring forth is unique, and I am here to navigate through them with you. May I kindly ask you to elaborate a bit more on your interests or questions? Whether your curiosity lies in the depths of history, the vibrant strokes of culture, or the delicate art of Koi keeping, I am here to assist.

Together, let’s embark on a journey of discovery, where every question is a ripple in the pond of knowledge. I eagerly await your guidance on the next path to explore in our enchanting Nishikigoi.

Warm regards, Shikibu

Follow Shikibu on Facebook Or read about her “Mono no aware

We refuse to settle for AI-generated images. Mickey Paulssen is pouring all her skills, dedication, and a great deal of time into drawing these pictures. We are confident you will appreciate them and they will assist you in recognizing your Koi. facebook Mickeys art & scapes

Join us on this remarkable journey at Koitalk.app, where the beauty of koi culture comes alive. Dive into our articles, engage in lively discussions, and get personalized advice from Shikibu. As we continue to grow and evolve, your insights and contributions are invaluable to us.

Ready to elevate your koi experience? Join us at Koitalk.app now, and become part of a community where passion for koi thrives, guided by expertise and innovation! 

Here’s to exploring the depths of koi keeping together! Koitalk.app 

Warm regards,

Hugo J. Smal , Mantifang and Koitalk.app

 

 

Kim Young Soo’s vision

Nishikigoi breeding and exporting from Korea

Nishikigoi breeding
Kim Young Soo (drawing by Mickey Paulssen)

In the year 2000, I started growing Nishikigoi. I saw the cultivation of these beautiful ornamental carps as a good alternative to the more traditional, Korean agricultural products.
The global financial crises and the opening of the Korean market for FTA agricultural products force our farmers to use their land and greenhouses for other purposes.
I, therefore, strive to make the Goyang koi Farm the epicentre of Nishikigoi breeding and exporting from Korea. Yes, that is Kim Young Soo’s vision.

So I started in the year 2000 breeding koi. I did this step by step because the ornamental carp was not known in Korea. In the Korean folk tradition, the carp is a dragon in transformation and symbolizes success, nobility and filial piety. The carps also return favours as you can read in many folk stories. 

koi as an alternative for rice.

Give your koi love a good start.Because cheaper rice and other agricultural products are coming from outside Korea, lot’s of agricultural land becomes idle. So why not breed carps there. Korean koi will be a good alternative! A new income for all those farmers who are struggling to survive. My country, Han Guk as we call it, proved that when we give our selves a task, we fulfil it. Worldwide it Is known as The miracle of the Han Gang. So I have to work hard. Not only we have to develop the domestic fancy carp market. Establish the koi hobby in Korea. We also have to find dealers abroad who are interested in our beautiful carp. I am sure we will succeed.

 

Raise awareness.

First handshake in Korea
Hugo J. Smal’s publication about building Baedagol theme park and Goyang koi farm. here

To raise awareness of the fancy carp, I started with the Baedagol theme park. I created a place where people can enjoy them. Now, around 35,000 children and supervisors visit the theme park each year and get to know the fancy carp. And yes; they are very enthusiastic! The Nishikigoi are getting more popular in Korea. During all these years I have optimized my breeding and selection skills.

Nishikigoi breeding and exporting from Korea

The koi must be healthy and beautiful. To ensure healthy fish we work with the OFI rules. The carps will be tested and health certificates will be given by the Korean Government.
But we do more. We think it is also very important that the new owner has enough knowledge to keep the koi in top condition. That is why we publish stories on our pages that will be a great help to these koi-lovers. And about the beauty of the koi. I do my best!

A new koi Hub

Goyang Si is part of the Seoul Capital Area. This is one of the most dynamic places in the world. More than 13 million people are living here. More people inside Gyeonggi province than in the rest of Korea.
You can imagine that there is a lot of construction works going on. Many roads to take care of traffic jam and many apartments complexes to give the people a house. That is why I decided to build a new koi hub near Incheon airport. Read about it on Korean koi in the year of the Ox.

Nishikigoi breeding and exporting from Korea

Now the time has come to show the world our beautiful koi! I am sure that the Goyang koi will be admired and that many Korean farmers will join me to realize my ambition. The Goyang koi Farm will be the epic centre of the Korean koi. 

Kim Young Soo  Sincerely, Kim Young Soo

If you like this you can follow us on FB

Kohaku Showa Sanke Other  Contact Youtube 

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/embed?listType=playlist&list=PLSYTfa140zYj4Netb_jp1cS_oxsWv_K1P[/embedyt]

Goyang Koifarm Sanke

Goyang Koi Taisho Sanke

Sanke means three colours.

It is a white koi whit black and red markings. Taisho Sanshoku, also formally named Taisho Sanke and commonly called Sanke, are Shiro (white) koi with hi (red) which is overlaid with sumi (black) patterns. Basically, a Sanke is a Kohaku with additional sumi markings. Sanke don’t have sumi markings on their head and very rarely below the lateral line. Mr Eizaburo Hoshino developed the Sanke how we like it. Black, white and red markings apart from each other! 

Goyang Koi Farm Sanke:

This year Goyang Koi farm Tosai.

Because the movies were made during selection you see Kohaku and Showa also. Use this to learn!

[origincode_videogallery id=”4″] If you like these Goyang Koi farm Sanke you can contact us: For Koreans: Kim Young Soo and English Hugo J. Smal.

Exciting News for Koi Aficionados!

Goyang Koi, renowned for its exquisite koi selection, now has a dedicated page on Koitalk.app. This is your gateway to a deeper dive into the world of koi. Discover expert insights, care tips, and the latest trends in koi keeping. Visit the Goyang Koi page on Koitalk.app now, and enrich your koi knowledge like never before. Your journey into the captivating world of koi is just a click away!Ask Shikibu about Sanke.

All information on Contact Follow us on FB

Kohaku Showa Sanke  Utsuri Bekko Ogon Other  Contact Youtube

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/embed?listType=playlist&list=PLSYTfa140zYgRMJOGCAWg7vtKaS6HYGb9[/embedyt]

Goyang Koifarm other varieties

Goyang Koi Farm Other varieties:

Here you find all varieties except Kohaku, Showa, and Sanke. Also the Ogon you find on their own page.

Kikokuryo & Kikusui

 

More beautiful Koi varieties after the video.

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/embed?listType=playlist&list=PLSYTfa140zYgcCaHSflX2DZP1v2iZMdRA[/embedyt]

Shusui

Shusui, in English ‘autumn green’, was created in 1910 ( Mr Yoshigoro Akiyama) by cross-breeding the Asagi with mirror carp. The resulting Shusui is a Doitsu version of the Asagi. In some competitions, Shusui is regarded in a classification of their own.

[origincode_videogallery id=”5″]

Kujaku

 

 

 

[origincode_videogallery id=”6″]

 

Goshiki

 

 

 

 

 

 

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/embed?listType=playlist&list=PLSYTfa140zYg2V1iQKkycYc3mL8X412u5[/embedyt]

 

Exciting News for Koi Aficionados!

Goyang Koi, renowned for its exquisite koi selection, now has a dedicated page on Koitalk.app. This is your gateway to a deeper dive into the world of koi. Discover expert insights, care tips, and the latest trends in koi keeping. Visit the Goyang Koi page on Koitalk.app now, and enrich your koi knowledge like never before. Your journey into the captivating world of koi is just a click away! Ask Shikibu about all koi varieties

If you like these Goyang Koi farm Sanke you can contact us: For Koreans: Kim Young Soo and English Hugo J. Smal. You find all information on Contact ore uses the contact form below. You can follow us on FB

Kohaku Showa Sanke  Utsuri Bekko Ogon Other  Contact Youtube 

Goyang Koifarm Kohaku

Goyang Koi Kohaku

A beautiful Kohaku is a snow-white fish with Hi (red) patterns. You find these beauties in the Goyang Koi farm Kohaku ponds.

Stunning Kohaku!

The improved Kohaku dates to 1888, when a man named Kunizo Hiroi (Ojiya-city, Japan) bred a red-headed female koi with one of his own males, whose markings resembled cherry blossoms, thus creating the now extinct Gosuke bloodline from which all of the known Kohaku bloodlines established. These days they are bred also in Korea: Goyang Koi farm Kohaku.

Five important factors to consider when looking at Kohaku:

1. Bright Hi
2. Sharp pattern edges
3. No Hi over the eyes and fins
4. No Hi markings spreading below the lateral line
5. Head Hi that not spread below the nose. Tail Hi that does not spread over the caudal fin.

(Unique and strange Koi are liked! But it is best to first look at these 5 fundamental points. That is the way to look at Kohaku! When you saw many: experiments can be great!)

Read more about the Goyang Koi Farm journey.

Exciting News for Koi Aficionados!

Goyang Koi, renowned for its exquisite koi selection, now has a dedicated page on Koitalk.app. This is your gateway to a deeper dive into the world of koi. Discover expert insights, care tips, and the latest trends in koi keeping. Visit the Goyang Koi page on Koitalk.app now, and enrich your koi knowledge like never before. Your journey into the captivating world of koi is just a click away! Ask Shikibu about Kohaku

See our Kohaku.

What do you think about Goyang Koi Farm Kohaku?

We like your comments.

At the moment a lot of Kohaku Tosai are swimming in the mud ponds. Due to the Covid 19 virus, it is impossible for you to visit. But we are taking good care of them during the winter. We bring them into the Koi house. There they can grow. Hopefully next spring we are able to show you around. Hope to see you!

In the meantime you can contact us: For Koreans: Kim Young Soo and English Hugo J. Smal. You find all information on Contact ore uses the contact form below.

If you like this you can follow us on FB

Kohaku Showa Sanke  Utsuri Bekko Ogon Other  Contact Youtube 

Some other beautiful Kohaku from the Goyang Koi Farm.

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/embed?listType=playlist&list=PLSYTfa140zYjrRtfe9I6SidfCVcLQ-m_5[/embedyt]

youtube placeholder image

 

goyang koi farm archive


Goyang Koi Farm – Archive

The Korean authorities have chosen, for now, not to support koi under their export policy. Perhaps that is understandable.
Given the current state of the world—with environmental and economic problems, and wars being fought—the koi hobby may even feel like a fetish for the rich. Even so, Hugo J. Smal and Kim Young Soo want all the knowledge collected under the Goyang Koi banner to remain available in this archive,
so enthusiasts can continue to use it.

Note: active koi operations have ceased; this page functions as a living archive of materials previously published under Goyang Koi.


Goyang Koi Farm archive — ponds and carp
From field notes to ponds — a living archive of Goyang Koi knowledge.

About this archive

This archive preserves practical koi knowledge and context that were once part of the Goyang Koi project. Our aim is continuity: to keep guidance available for keepers who value careful husbandry, water management, and clear documentation.

Over the years, the Farm gathered a wealth of practical insights — from feeding logs to water testing notes and from breeding experiments to cultural reflections. As a reference for Korean koi keepers, it covers koi breeding in Korea, koi care and water quality, and core koi varieties such as Gosanke (Kohaku, Sanke, Showa). The archive also reflects the exchange between East and West, where Bidan Ing-eo (the Korean name for Nishikigoi) connects hobbyists and traditions.

Where relevant, we link to Mantifang for broader cultural context. If you are looking for the landscape project that succeeded the former theme park, visit the Baedagol page on Mantifang.

Go to Baedagol →

Browse categories

Koi Care

Daily routines, feeding, quarantine, health checks, seasonality.

Water Quality

Filtration, cycling, parameters, troubleshooting, measurement logs.

Archive Blog

Context essays, field notes, and project updates from the archive.

Highlights & essentials

These highlights act as an entry point into the broader archive. They bundle essentials that koi keepers search for most: practical koi care, water quality fundamentals, and the traits of popular koi varieties including Gosanke.

Media & playlists

Watch historic clips from the Korean Farm and curated videos that explain Nishikigoi husbandry, water quality management, and Korean koi culture.

[embedyt] https://www.youtube.com/embed?listType=playlist&list=PLSYTfa140zYg5xIS7ZDT6aFyBqR1TlE7A [/embedyt]

FAQ

Ask Shikibu

On KoiTalk.app, Shikibu is ready to answer your questions. Whether it’s about Bidan Ing-eo (Nishikigoi), water quality, koi care, or koi varieties — you’ll gain instant access to the knowledge preserved in the Bidan Ingeo Farm archive.

Your koi questions deserve instant answers. Visit KoiTalk and Ask Shikibu today!

Is the the farm still active?
No. Operations have ceased. This page now preserves historical materials as an archive for learning.
Can I reuse materials from this archive?
Please check licensing on individual items. When in doubt, contact us via the contact page.
Where can I learn more about koi keeping?
Start with Koi Care and Water Quality, then explore Varieties and the Archive Blog.
© Mantifang — Goyang Koi Farm Archive. Text & media curated by Hugo J. Smal & Kim Young Soo.


From Koifarm to a great theme park

And now breeding Koi again!

written by Hugo J. Smal

First handshake in Korea
First handshake in Korea

From Goyang Koifarm to Baedagol brought me to Korea. The International Air Transport Association (IATA) named Incheon airport the best airport in the world. You become aware of it as you walk towards the exit. It is modern, efficient and above all, very beautiful. The marble floors shine. The Yi dynasty tribal statues of Confucian scholars and soldiers are tough. I admire modern art – though from the Korean tradition. Everything immediately gives me a reassuring feeling. It was August 2003. I had landed in Korea. In the coming years, it will go from Goyang Koifarm to Beadagol theme park.

In the Koreans and I.

koifarm to theme park
Sanke that had to win. Owner Kim Young Soo.

I wrote: “From the airport, they brought me directly to the first Korean koi show. I had to give a short speech. The organization wanted me to pass judgment. But I didn’t know if they judged the fish in a Japanese way. They want me to point out the best fish. I noticed one Sanke who should win. The other fish were not of good quality. To my astonishment, a Showa claimed the top prize. Despite its apparent lesser quality, this fish, lying sick at the bottom of the basin, prevailed.” According to our standards, this fish would have been removed from the competition,” I commented to a journalist.
After my remark, a loud tumult broke out. Tumult? Let’s call it a fierce argument. I was put in a car and after a long journey dumped in a hotel room. Somewhat nervously I thought about what had happened and what task I had if it was still waiting for me? ”

The next step is from Koifarm to the theme park.

The next morning Kim Young Soo picked me up at the hotel and we drove to Goyang Si. This city belongs to the Seoul Capital Area, and around 1 million people live there. What was striking was the great contrast. New neighborhoods boast beautiful flats, while the old ones evoke the Korea I had always pictured. The countryside and the big city; alternating and devouring. Neither of them prevailed.

Once we walked through the always busy Gangnam (Seoul). A thousand people on the street all heading for something. An old lady is sitting in the middle of the street. In front of her a tablecloth with melons on top. Yes, it was hot! She was really in the middle of the stream of people. Nobody touched her or stood on the rug. They bowed and bought a part of the refreshing fruit. Yes, it was very hot!

from Koi farm to theme park
Only ponds and nets.

It was not until evening that we arrived at the then Goyang Koifarm. The office was quite basic, yet it offered a view that stretched as far as the eye could see, complete with neatly arched ponds.”I observed a multitude of koi swimming in it,” I mused. Kim Young Soo fed the fish. The passersby swimmers were the only visitors I saw. All I could discern was that the colors were vibrant.

Journey from Koifarm to the theme park?

The koi farmer mentioned that the nursery would soon relocate. A residential complex with apartments is set to replace the area currently inhabited by the fish. The urban migration and booming economy have necessitated such moves for many companies. Thankfully, the government is providing compensation for these expenses.

During my inaugural visit, Kim Young Soo escorted me to Seoul’s palaces, Gyeongbokgung and Changdeokgung, fulfilling a grand dream. It was also my first time at a Buddhist temple, Yongjusa in Hwaseong, and the week was rich with cultural experiences, delectable Korean cuisine, and discussions about koi.

At Goyang Koi Farm, we also ask whether a pond can become more climate-conscious. Read more in Sustainable Koi Pond Design.

He expressed a desire to make Korean Koi renowned globally. With Chinese rice undercutting the market, Korean farmers were compelled to find new revenue streams. My host viewed Koi farming as a viable alternative and aimed to rival Japanese breeders. I proposed that integrating Korean culture could be beneficial to this endeavor.

 

Boost your Koi dedication.

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Patriotism.

Many Koreans have this patriotism. Shortly after the Korean War, the Dae Han Minguk was one of the poorest countries in the world. Park Chung Hee, head of the military junta and later elected President introduced economic innovations in the 1970s that led to “the miracle of the Han River”. President Park is very controversial, he did not shy away to use a strong hand, but his economic reforms brought in money. Just after the Korean War, the country was one of the poorest in the world. In 2017 is ranked 11th place. This was one place above Russia, and many Korean are still grateful to him for that, hard hand or not.

The Koifarm is the team park.

In the book, I am writing with the working title “The Koreans and I” includes the following piece:
“Hwaejeong Dong (the former village is now a district) is already described in the historical books Samguk Sagi and Samguk Yusa.
The first is the chronicles of the three kingdoms, written by Kim Busik on behalf of King Im Jong and published in 1145. Samguk Yusa is the “Memorabilia of the three kingdoms”. This is written by the monk Ir Yeon and contains legends, folk tales, biographies and historical reports. Originally people from the Han clan settled in Hwaejong Dong but in 18 BC the state of Baekje was founded. What this has to do with the from koifarm to themepark Baedagol you read in The Koreans and I

Talking Koi with Kim Jay Ho my language bridge to Kim Young Soo and the rest of Korea.
Talking Koi with Kim Jay Ho my language bridge to Kim Young Soo and the rest of Korea.

A man brimming with passion.

Kim Young Soo is very much aware of his Korean roots. Confucianism flows through his veins. He links this to a great love of nature and perhaps even greater social awareness. Or link? Perhaps this is embedded in philosophy. He visits his Shamanic Mudang once a year and then receives a large ceremony. Just to clear the soul and the mind.

Talking to everyone in full, he enlarges his network. He prefers to visit farmers and growers. He seems to know everything about vegetables, fruit, meat, fish and he invariably goes into discussions with the people who conjure this up on the table. It is a teacher that I love to listen to. This is s a bit strange because I don’t understand Korean but his way of talking speaks volumes. Take a look at the video at the bottom of the page and you see.

A cultural mistake.

During one of my first journeys, we lost our interpreter due to a cultural error. You would think: “Kim Young Soo no English and Smal no Korean; that must be very annoying. ” We visited all kinds of farmers for a week and had a great time. With hands and feet, we come a long way together.

It was hilarious when we went to buy grapes from an old woman. We just sat down to eat on a curb. The woman came to sit with us and a passionate conversation about grapes arose. Together they looked at the grape and discussed it. And yes, after half an hour a Jerry can arrived and food became drink. It tasted very good.
I think it is an honour to be able to call Kim Young Soo my friend. During Chuseok I bowed to his ancestors and I felt included in his family circle. It is good to be there.

koifarm
natural base in Goyang Si

Koifarm and theme park are results of goals.

Kim Young Soo had greater ambitions than just breeding koi. According to his youngest brother, Kim Young Soo has set himself three goals. First, his family had to be cared for. In Korea, it always concerns the extended family. So not only wife and two children, but also mother, sisters, younger brother and everything around it. His father Kim Jae San died when Kim Young Soo was about fourteen years old and the poverty in the then underdeveloped Korea was very great.

Growing roses first, then Goyang Koifarm to Baedagol.

He took over his father’s rose nursery. The young men sold the flowers he grew on the street. He later discovered a way to grow roses from seed. Together with a Japanese breeder, he started a new company with which he earned enough money to start breeding lotuses and then switch to ornamental carp. In this way, for example, he could also fund Jin Soo’s training as a structural engineer. This, in turn, would design and build the buildings on the Baedagol theme park.

Goyang Koi farm to Baedagol
Welcome to Beadagol

His second goal was to help the Hwajeong Dong people. Baedagol theme park is the final result. The park has a major economic impact on its immediate surroundings. After all, it provides work. The suppliers are not getting any worse either. His third objective was the Korean community. Hence the desire to give nature in Goyang Si a basis. The Goyang Koifarm became the Baedagol theme park. The theme, of course, is the koi.


Fall in love with the Koifarm or the team park!

I already told you. My wish was to visit a Buddhist temple someday. Standing in front of Daegu-jeon, the main building of the Yongjusa temple, I let the area take possession of it. The beautiful exuberance of the buildings. The rhythmic chanting of the monks. The beautiful surrounding landscape. Birds chattering in the air and the Ginko already turned yellow. A fantastic counterbalance to the bright red Acers. I planted my feet firmly on the ground. The environment absorbs me. I fell in love with Korea.

My first trip to Korea also marked the start of an in-depth study of Korean culture. The moment Kim Young Soo noticed that I wanted to have the bottom stone up in this regard, he asked me to promote beautiful Korea. In the end, that was the start of www.mantifang.com and the road that my host travelled from Koifarm to theme park.

Koifarm to Baedagol and then again the Koi breeding.

Go Sanke at Baedagol
Go Sanke at Baedagol

I can see it happening. The first Zen Nippon Arinkai supported koi show in Korea at the Baedagol theme park. There are enough growers to fill the basins. Of course, I hope that there are also enough hobbyists to participate. The required knowledge must be transferred. So that it can also be carried out safely. There must also be a flourishing association. So there is a lot of work to do. If Kim Young Soo wishes I will go for it.

The Baedagol theme park is not only a swimming paradise for Koi. During the hot days of summer, it attracts thousands of visitors every day for a refreshing dip in the swimming pool. There is a petting zoo for the little ones. Their parents can enjoy a large Bonsai exhibition or visit the folk museum. You can eat in the restaurant but you can also prepare your food. In the winter you can skate there. 

For more information theme park Baedagol  Koifarm  Goyang Koifarm

You can follow me and Mickey Paulssen’s Baedagol adventure on Facebook

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aquaponics Success: 7 Proven Steps for a Thriving Fish–Plant System

Aquaponics: A Practical Guide to a Closed-Loop Growing System

hydroponic alternatives combines aquaculture and hydroponics into one circular, water-efficient food system. This guide explains how an aquaponics system works, what you need to set it up, and when it outperforms traditional methods.

Closed-loop aquaponics system diagram with fish tank, biofilter, and grow bed showing water cycle.Closed-loop aquaponics: fish tank → biofilter → grow bed → return.

Why it Works

Sustainable fish and plant system links fish and plants into a single ecology. Fish produce ammonia; beneficial bacteria in a biofilter convert it first to nitrites and then to plant-available nitrates; plants absorb those nutrients and clean the water for the fish. The result is a low-waste, high-efficiency loop that uses around 80–90% less water than soil gardening while producing herbs, leafy greens, and even fruiting crops in compact spaces.

Because the system is recirculating, you control inputs precisely: temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, water flow, and light. That control makes an water-saving farming techniques system ideal for urban balconies, greenhouses, restaurants, and educational labs—and a powerful complement to sustainable food production.

Aquaponics System: How It Works

  1. Fish tank: The source of ammonia. Choose hardy species (tilapia, catfish, carp, or goldfish for small builds).
  2. Biofilter: Media (expanded clay, lava rock, or moving-bed K1) hosts nitrifying bacteria that convert ammonia → nitrite → nitrate.
  3. Grow bed: Plants take up nitrates and micronutrients; roots also trap solids for later mineralisation.
  4. Return line: Cleaned water flows back to the fish tank; aeration keeps dissolved oxygen high.

Keep pH between 6.6–7.0 (a compromise for fish, bacteria, and plants), maintain good aeration (>6 mg/L O₂), and size filtration to bioload. A reliable pump and an uninterrupted power supply are non-negotiable.

Three Common Set up

  • Media bed (ebb-and-flow): Most forgiving; ideal for beginners. Media hosts the biofilter and supports roots.
  • DWC (deep water culture): Plants float on rafts over nutrient-rich water; great for uniform salad greens and basil.
  • NFT (nutrient film technique): Thin water film through channels; efficient for fast greens, less forgiving with solids.

Many growers hybridise—media for fruiting crops and solids handling, DWC/NFT for leafy greens. That mix balances productivity and maintenance.

Starter Checklist for Your this System

  • Match tank size to plant area (rule of thumb: ~25–40 L of fish tank per 0.1 m² of dense greens in media beds).
  • Cycle the system fish-less using pure ammonia or humic sources; test for the classic ammonia ↓ nitrite ↓ nitrate ↑ curve.
  • Add fish slowly after nitrite is near zero; monitor feeding and remove uneaten food.
  • Plant heavy feeders (lettuce, chard, basil, tomatoes, peppers); interplant herbs for pest balance.
  • Maintain redundancy: spare pump, airstone, and battery backup for aeration.

History and Future of this urban farming innovation

While modern aquaponics draws on hydroponic science and controlled-environment agriculture, the core insight—linking water, fish, and crops—echoes older traditions. The chinampas of Mesoamerica and Asian rice–fish systems both paired aquatic life with plants to recycle nutrients. What’s new today is precision control: sensors for pH and conductivity, automated dosing, and lighting schedules tuned to cultivar and season.

Expect growth in three areas: micro-farms that supply restaurants with just-in-time herbs; education, where students learn ecology, chemistry, and engineering hands-on; and resilience, where compact systems buffer supply chains during heat waves or water restrictions. As renewable energy gets cheaper, off-grid aquaponics and rooftop farms will become practical for cities.

Aquaponics vs. Hydroponics (and Soil)

Hydroponics delivers rapid growth with exact nutrient recipes but requires regular mixing and disposal of solutions. Soil excels at buffering mistakes and supporting complex microbiology but uses more space and water. An aquaponics system sits between: you feed fish, not bottles; bacteria craft balanced nutrients; water is reused; and plant quality is consistently high. If you want low-waste greens plus edible fish—and you enjoy system tinkering—this approach is hard to beat.

FAQ — Aquaponics

What’s the ideal pH?
Keep 6.6–7.0. Below 6.4 slows nitrification; above 7.2 reduces micronutrient availability.
Which plants thrive first?
Lettuce, basil, mint, chard, pak choi, and tomatoes. Start with fast greens while the biofilter matures.
How many fish per litre?
For beginners, plan low density: roughly 15–20 kg of fish per 1,000 L of water once mature, with robust aeration.
© Mantifang — sustainable growing notes.

Big Korean adventure!

Korean Adventure: Building Koi Culture in South Korea

A Big Korean Adventure in Koi, Culture, and Ambition

Korean adventure is the right phrase for what followed when Hugo J. Smal became involved in South Korea’s koi world. What began as a technical request at a Dutch koi show grew into years of travel, cultural encounters, practical advice, and unexpected lessons about ambition, art, and perseverance.

Hugo J. Smal has written about his experiences in Korea, especially his work around koi culture, Korean society, and the people behind this unusual project. Readers who want broader context can also explore Koreans and I.

South Korea has long had passionate and ambitious koi enthusiasts. Hugo Smal became closely involved with several pioneers in the hobby and helped advise on facilities, water quality, and the larger vision behind a Korean koi industry. This article first appeared in a Dutch garden magazine.

How the Korean adventure began

Korean adventure on Modo Island
Must have been 2004 or 2005. Stairway to heaven on Modo Island Goyang Koi farm hub

During the Holland Koishow of 2003, I was asked to arrange a fish tank and make sure it had proper water quality and oxygen. A group of Koreans had brought koi by plane to the Netherlands to compete and sell fish. With help from several traders, they managed to do both. They sold a number of koi and also won some of the smaller prizes.

During those days, koi enthusiast and Goyang Koi Farm CEO Kim Young Soo asked whether I would come to Korea and help support the development of a koi industry there. That was the real beginning of this Korean adventure.

Struggling farmers and a new idea

At the time, Chinese rice exports were increasing and putting pressure on South Korean farmers. Kim Young Soo believed that breeding Japanese ornamental carp could become an alternative to rice cultivation. It was an ambitious vision, and for me it became a challenge worth exploring. Less than a month later, I landed at Incheon Airport.

Koi Ichiban in Korea
Koi Ichi ban?

From the airport I was driven straight to a koi show, where I was asked to give a short speech. The organizers also wanted me to judge the fish, which I felt unqualified to do. When they asked which fish should win, I said a strong Sanke seemed the obvious choice. To my surprise, the main prize went to a weaker Showa that was visibly unwell at the bottom of the vat.

I told a journalist that, by our standards, such a fish would have been removed from the competition. That honest remark caused an immediate uproar.

A fierce argument during the Korean adventure

What followed was not just noise but a real argument. I was put into a Kia van and, after a long drive, left alone in a hotel room. I had no idea what would happen next or whether any work still awaited me. The show had clearly been poorly organized, and the judges lacked technical knowledge.

It smelled of clientelism, perhaps even bribery. There had been no proper benching and no clear distinction between healthy and unhealthy fish. Around the world, koi entered into competition are typically checked carefully, often with support from a veterinarian specialized in fish diseases. In South Korea at that time, that standard was not yet in place.

The next morning, Kim Young Soo arrived with companions and several large fish boxes in the van. The splashing inside turned out to be the Sanke that should have won. Kim had taken my blunt words seriously, even if they were culturally too direct. He decided then that he wanted to play a leading role in the Korean koi industry.

Korea is a big adventure

During the rest of the trip, I saw the impressive landscape of the Land of the Morning Calm and gained a deeper view of Korean culture. I realized how much study Koreans would need to build a true koi tradition, and how much I myself still had to learn about this complex society.

I met many artists along the way. Baik Yong-Jung taught me that the carp has lived in the Korean imagination for centuries. His paintings connect koi, nature, and symbolic meaning. Paintings of carp and crabs were common during the Yi dynasty, and scenes of carp leaping upward carried their own moral and cultural charge.

Painting by Y.J. Baik
Painting by Y.J. Baik

Carp myth and cultural meaning

These paintings draw on an old story: when the Yellow River rises, carp struggle upstream toward the Dragon Gate. A fish strong enough to pass through that gate becomes a dragon. During the Confucian Yi dynasty, this story symbolized success in the state examinations and the possibility of rising from poverty into office.

Today, that symbolism still echoes in Korean culture. Carp paintings are common wedding gifts, and conversations with artists such as Baik Yong-Jung, along with literary research, showed me how deeply the carp moved through Chinese, Korean, and Japanese culture. In that sense, Korea carried this cultural symbol forward long before modern koi culture took shape.

A visionary idea behind the Korean adventure

As ornamental fish, however, Japan remained far ahead. It seemed unrealistic to imagine Korean koi farmers overtaking Japan in the Go-Sanke classes any time soon. I therefore suggested a different approach: connect koi farming to Korean culture itself and expand the koi farm in Goyang, northwest of Seoul, into a cultural center where ceramics, painting, and other forms of art could also be shown.

The idea was to introduce Koreans more deeply to koi culture while creating a future export path not only for koi, but also for koi-related art and cultural experience. Koreans often approach things competitively, with a strong desire to become the biggest, strongest, or best. Understanding that mindset became its own Korean adventure.

Kim Young Soo exchanged land, kept studying, and continued building. He invested heavily in Japanese parent koi and began breeding and growing them. In the Netherlands I was already used to advising on troubled ponds and fish purchases, but Kim’s drive made this work a different kind of challenge.

I was fortunate to rely on experts such as Rene Kruter on fish disease and water quality, and Mark Kleijkers on koi quality. With their help, and with practical judgment, I was able to support what the Koreans were trying to build.

Koi at the Goyang Koi farm
Koi at the Goyang Koifarm

Rising quality and rising expectations

Year after year, I watched the quality of fish at the Goyang koi farm improve. Kim Young Soo joined forces with Mr. Hong, who had a substantial number of breeding ponds near Gwangju. In those mud ponds swam Go-Sanke of increasingly impressive quality, fish I would not have hesitated to allow into my own pond.

After a long process of trust, discussion, and negotiation, Kim and Hong finally decided to enter Hong’s fish into the Holland Koi Show in 2011. Rene Kruter and I traveled to South Korea to select the fish. We assumed they would compete with smaller sizes. The Koreans had other plans: they wanted to win immediately with large koi.

Korean Adventure in South Korea

 

As children might stand beside a sweet shop window, Rene and I stood at the ponds in awe as one jumbo koi after another was netted and placed into vats. Seeing those fish felt like a blessing. It was a Korean adventure with a Japanese twist, and now the fish were coming to the Netherlands.

My own pond had been nearly empty for years because of the Korean collection, with only a few goldfish maintaining bacterial balance. I had about a month to get the water back into top condition so these jumbo koi could acclimatize before traveling on to Arcen. I decided it was possible and ordered two vats, because the six fish we selected were too large for one.

European legislation and hard limits

Goyang Koi farm in Korea
Goyang Koi farm

Between dreams and reality, there are always laws and practical barriers. That truth became painfully clear. In the OFI journal of October 2008, Alex Ploeg had already warned that Asian breeders and exporters who wanted access to Europe needed to comply with European animal health legislation. Those rules affected not only importers, but also exporters, suppliers, growers, and collectors.

If exporters wanted to sell on the European market, they had to meet those standards. The exporting country had to meet them as well. I had pointed Kim Young Soo toward European legislation from the start and based my advice on the OFI Code of Conduct. He and his colleagues took this seriously, contacting the right ministries and district officials to seek export approval for fish to the European Union.

Never enough Korean adventures

But reality intervened. Kim Young Soo and Mr. Hong were standing with the fish at Incheon Airport when customs made the situation brutally clear. The koi could leave Korea, but they would be stopped at the European border and destroyed. At that moment, all possibilities collapsed. It was a severe disappointment and one of the hardest chapters of this Korean adventure.

Hidden dragon, crouching tiger

In the years that followed, the Korean adventure continued. I returned to South Korea many times. Kim Young Soo and I took part in discussions with senior civil servants at government ministries. I gave advice and, at times, opinions that were perhaps too European in tone. The machinery of administration was moving, but very slowly.

South Korea remains, in koi terms, a hidden dragon and crouching tiger. China now buys heavily in Japan and is trying to expand its own role in the koi world. That raises the question of whether South Korea’s official processes move too slowly to seize the opportunity.

Fortunately, Kim Young Soo did not rely on koi alone. Following my advice, he invested around five million euros in a broader cultural project. He built a koi and cultural center that eventually opened under the name Baedagol.

If this Korean adventure has sparked your interest, you can also follow the story on Facebook: Goyang Koi farm 비단잉어 Nishikigoi

Questions & Answers

What is the Korean adventure in this article?
The Korean adventure refers to Hugo J. Smal’s involvement in South Korea’s koi world, including travel, technical advice, cultural encounters, and efforts to help develop a Korean koi industry.
Who is Kim Young Soo?
Kim Young Soo is a Korean koi entrepreneur connected to Goyang Koi Farm. He invited Hugo Smal to Korea to support the building of koi facilities and a broader cultural vision.
Why did koi become important in this Korean adventure?
Koi became the center of the story because they were seen as both an economic opportunity and a cultural bridge, linking farming, art, ambition, and international trade.
Why could the fish not be exported to Europe?
The export plan failed because European animal health legislation required standards and approvals that had not yet been fully secured, meaning the fish would have been stopped at the border.
What is Baedagol?
Baedagol is the koi and cultural center that emerged from Kim Young Soo’s broader investment strategy after it became clear that relying only on koi exports would be too risky.